The Village by the Sea

The Village by the Sea

Anita Desai◦Novel◦First published 1982
Colourful fishing boats on the shore of a coastal Indian village
The story

Plot Summary

Through The Village by the Sea, Anita Desai tells the story of siblings Hari and Lila, forced to grow up early amid their family's poverty. Lila gives up her childhood to nurse her ill mother, run the household and raise her younger sisters, while Hari leaves school to earn money. Determined to change their circumstances, Hari travels to Bombay for work, struggling at first before finding mentors who help him grow into a confident, resilient young man. Meanwhile, Lila takes work with a wealthy family, the de Silvas, who later help pay for her mother's treatment. By the time Hari returns, his mother has recovered, and the family celebrates Diwali together — a story of resilience, hope and change.

Who's who

Characters

Lila

Eldest child, 13; runs the household and cares for her family.

Hari

Lila's 12-year-old brother; travels to Bombay to earn money.

Bela & Kamal

Younger sisters who depend on Hari and Lila.

The parents

Mother is chronically ill; father struggles with alcoholism.

Mr. de Silva

Wealthy neighbour who employs the siblings and aids their mother.

Mr. Panwallah

Bombay watchmaker who mentors Hari and teaches him watchmending.

What the novel explores

Themes

i.

Coming of age

Both siblings mature through hardship.

ii.

Poverty and responsibility

Forces the siblings to grow up fast.

iii.

Resilience and hope

Determination brings real change by the end.

iv.

Industrialisation

A proposed factory threatens Thul's traditional way of life.

v.

Kindness of strangers

Mentors support the family beyond blood ties.

For revision

Study Guide

Discussion questions

  1. How does Lila's role change across the novel?
  2. What does Bombay teach Hari about independence?
  3. How do the de Silvas change the siblings' lives?
  4. What does the novel say about industrialisation and village life?
Cover to cover

Editions

Puffin Books edition cover of The Village by the Sea

Puffin Books edition

Novel first published 1982, Heinemann; this edition published by Puffin Books
NYRB Kids edition cover of The Village by the Sea

NYRB Kids edition

Published 2016 by New York Review Books
Further reading

Explore More

A Portrait of Threatened Landscape in Anita Desai's The Village by the Sea

D. S. Salunke, 2016

Examines the novel through an ecocritical lens, focusing on industrialisation's threat to Thul's landscape and community.

Read the full research paper (journal PDF)

Anita Desai's The Village by the Sea: Its Relevance After Four Decades of Its Publication

C. Abirami, Journal of Indian School of Political Economy

Explores the novel's lasting relevance through its portrayal of poverty and family hardship.

Read the paper on ResearchGate

The Illusion of Progress: State, Capital, and Ecological Crisis in Anita Desai's The Village by the Sea

Subrata Biswas, 2026

Explores ecocriticism and political economy through Thul's proposed fertiliser complex and its consequences.

Read the research paper (DOI)